Презентация на тему: India

India

India is an emerging economy which has witnessed unprecedented levels of economic expansion, alongside China, Russia, Mexico and Brazil. India is a cost effective and labor intensive economy, and has benefited immensely from outsourcing of work from developed countries, and has a strong manufacturing and export oriented industrial framework.

India’s economy has gone through some ups and downs throughout the past few years, as it has grown to the third largest in Asia. There are beautiful buildings and hotels within its cities, appealing to tourists and visitors, as well as fancy car dealerships and high rise office buildings lining the streets.

Economy GDP (FY 2008): $1.21 trillion ($1,210 billion).Real growth rate (2008 est.): 6.6%.Per capita GDP (PPP, FY 2008): $2,900.Natural resources: Coal, iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, chromites, thorium, limestone, barite, titanium ore, diamonds, crude oil.Agriculture: 18% of GDP. Products--wheat, rice, coarse grains, oilseeds, sugar, cotton, jute, tea.Industry: 29% of GDP. Products--textiles, jute, processed food, steel, machinery, transport equipment, cement, aluminium, fertilizers, mining, petroleum, chemicals, and computer software.Services and transportation: 54% of GDP.

  Current Population of India - India, with 1,210,193,422 (1.21 billion) people is the second most populous country in the world, while China is on the top with over 1,350,044,605 (1.35 billion) people. The figures show that India represents almost 17.31% of the world's population, which means one out of six people on this planet live in India. Although, the crown of the world's most populous country is on China's head for decades, India is all set to take the numerous position by 2030. With the population growth rate at 1.58%, India is predicted to have more than 1.53 billion people by the end of 2030.

The Rural-Urban Divide. Today 74.7 percent of the population lives in rural areas and 24.3 percent inhabit urban areas. In urban areas there is a heavy concentration of telephones, televisions and doctors. As 70 percent of the country’s population mainly in rural areas lack access to primary health care the worst affected is the elderly, young women and children. Major environmental issues in rural areas are deforestation, soil erosion, overgrazing, desertification, and water pollution from runoff of agricultural pesticides. In urban areas there are issues of water pollution from sewage and air pollution from industrial effluents and vehicle emissions. India is also prone to natural disasters such as droughts, flash floods, severe thunderstorms and earthquakes

Rural Population72.2%, male: 381,668,992, female: 360,948,755 (2001 Census)Age structure0–14 years: 30.8%, male: 188,208,196, female: 171,356,02415–64 years: 64.3%, male: 386,432,921, female: 364,215,75965+ years: 4.9%, male: 27,258,259, female: 30,031,289 (2007 est.)Median age25.1 yearsPopulation growth rate1.548% (2009 est.)

Population growth rate 1.548% (2009 est.)Birth rate 21.76 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)Death rate 6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2009 est.)Map showing the literacy rate of each district in India.Literacy rate 71.7% (Age 7 & above) )

Religious demography of India The country of India has got the largest portion of Hindus, Zoroastrians, Jains, Sikhs residing in the world. The nation even houses world's third-biggest Muslim population. Though the prevalence of religious communities vary from one state or Union Territory to another, still some places are known for being home to any particular religious group. These groups are as follows: States or Union Territories with majority of Muslim population: Lakshadweep and Jammu and Kashmir.States or Union Territories with majority of Christian population: Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland.States or Union Territories with majority of Sikh population: Punjab.The below-mentioned table can help us in gathering an overall idea about the religious demography of India as per Census 2011:

Linguistic Demography of India Hindi, being the national language of the country, most the Indians speaks Hindi language. However, the dialects and languages spoken in the nation again vary from place to place and community to community. India has got a total of 1, 652 dialects and languages. Census of India, 2011 shows the following details about the linguistic demography of the Indian Republic:

Employment India is one of the most populated countries in the world, next only to China. Although India occupies only 2.4% of the total area of the world it supports over 15% of the world population, as revealed by statistics.

Unemployment Open unemployment is not a true indicator of the gravity of the unemployment problem in an economy such as India, characterized as it is by large-scale underemployment and poor employment quality in the unorganized sector, which accounts for over 90 per cent of the total employment. The organized sector contributes only about 9 per cent to the total employment. Underemployment in various segments of the labor force is quite high.For instance, though open unemployment was only 2 per cent in 1993-94, the incidence of under-employment and unemployment taken together was as much as 10 per cent that year. This, in spite of the fact that the incidence of underemployment was reduced substantially in the decade ending 1993-94.

Retirement age A government-appointed expert committee on pension reforms has recommended hike in retirement age in private sector to 60 years, in a move with considerable repercussions for employment plans and post-retirement benefits.

Population projections India is projected to overtake China as the world's most populous nation by 2030. India's population growth has raised concerns that it would lead to widespread unemployment and political instability.Source:2020: 1,326,093,0002030: 1,460,743,0002040: 1,571,715,0002050: 1,656,554,000

Solution of Unemployment There are various factors that are responsible for unemployment i country. Unemployment can be due to seasonal layoff particularly in agricultural sector. It can be due to technological changes in an automated industry or due to lack of adequate skills by the workers. Unemployment can also be due to fluctuation in the economy. All these factors add to the problem of unemployment. And because of this unemployment problem we are wasting our valuable human resource.

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