Презентация на тему: Invention (Prewriting)

Invention(Prewriting)

Introduction This presentation will help you with… Invention and invention strategies.

Invention 1. Devisea game plan: schedule the writing process.2. Ask questions to explore your rhetorical situation: What is my purpose? Who is my audience? What genre am I using (academic, professional, personal)? What sort of research will I need to conduct?

Invention StrategiesAskcriticalquestionsMap &clusterFreewrite&brainstormKeep a journal

Invention Strategies AskcriticalquestionsMap &clusterFreewrite&brainstormKeep a journal

Critical Questions: classical topicsDefinition Dictionary definition of _____? What group of things does this _____ belong to? How is the _____ different from other things? What are some concrete examples of the _____?

Critical Questions: classical topicsCompare/contrast What is _____ similar to? What is _____ different from? Is _____ most unlike (like) what?

Critical Questions: classical topicsRelationship What causes _____? What are the effects of _____? What is the purpose of _____? What comes before (after) _____?

Critical Questions: classical topics Testimony What have I heard people say about _____? What are some facts and stats about _____?

Critical Questions: classical topicsCircumstances Is _____ possible/impossible? What makes _____ possible/ impossible? When did _____ happen? What would it take for _____ to happen again? What would prevent _____ from happening?

Critical Questions: stasis questions Fact Is there an issue? How did it begin and what are its causes? What changed to create the issue? Who is involved?

Critical Questions: stasis questionsDefinition What exactly is the issue? What is it not? What kind of an issue is it?

Critical Questions: stasis questionsQuality How serious is the issue? What are the costs of the issue?

Critical Questions: stasis questionsPolicy Who should address this issue? What should we do about this issue?

Critical Questions: TagmemicsContrastive features How is _____ different from things similar to it? How has it been different for me?

Critical Questions: TagmemicsVariation How much can _____ change and still be itself? How is _____ changing? What are the different varieties of _____?

Critical Questions: TagmemicsDistribution Where and when does _____ take place? What is the larger thing of which _____ is a part? What is the function of _____ in this larger thing?

Critical Questions: TagmemicsCubing Describe it (colors, shapes, etc.) Compare it (what is it similar to?) Associate it (makes you think of?) Analyze it (how is it made?) Apply it (uses) Argue for or against it

Invention StrategiesAskcriticalquestionsFreewrite&brainstormMap &clusterKeep a journal

Freewrite & BrainstormFreewriting Set a timer for five to ten minutes Look at the topic and think about it briefly Now ready? Set? Write! Don't stop! Don’t edit! Keep your fingers typing or your pen moving for your time limitTime is up: now you can finally look over your ideas.

Freewrite & BrainstormBrainstorming No stopping, no editing (similar to freewriting) Note key words or short phrases in list form under your subject (instead of free-flowing paragraph) Look at the topic and think about it Now ready? Set? Write! Keep your list going for your time limit.Time is up: now you can finally look over your ideas.

Invention StrategiesAskcriticalquestionsFreewrite&brainstormMap &clusterKeep a journal

Map & Cluster Rather than writing a free- flowing paragraph or list of concepts, start with a central word As related concepts pop in your head, indicate them as branches, arrows, bubbles, etc. You may have an “ah ha!” moment

Invention StrategiesAskcriticalquestionsFreewrite&brainstormMap &clusterKeep a journal

Keep a JournalPersonal journal Write personal explorations and reflections on ideas Ask some of these questions:Why is this important to me?How does it relate to me?How do I feel about it?Do I feel good/bad/indifferent about it? Why?How does this affect me daily?How might my connection to this change in the future?How did I feel about this in the past?

Keep a Journal (con’t.)Personal journal Write a short story where characters face the same problem you are exploring: How do the characters deal with the situation? Why do they react the way they do? How does the story end, and how does it reflect how you want the real life situation to end? What would you have to do to bring about this change?

Invention StrategiesAskcriticalquestionsFreewrite&brainstormMap &clusterKeep a journal

Purdue Writing LabHelp Writing lab: HEAV 226, Purdue University Grammar hotline: (765) 494-3723 On-line writing lab: http://owl.english.purdue.edu Email: [email protected]

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